Roger Stanyard writes:

"... most [Christians] accept evolutionary biology and most accept the Bible, including Genesis, as allegory and metaphore."

For an account of modern Catholic views see http://www.catholic.com/library/Adam_Eve_and_Evolution.asp in particular the sections "Real History" and "Adam and Eve: Real People". To quote: "It is impossible to dismiss the events of Genesis 1 as a mere legend. They are accounts of real history, even if they are told in a style of historical writing that Westerners do not typically use. It is equally impermissible to dismiss the story of Adam and Eve and the fall (Gen. 2–3) as a fiction."

Note also that Catholic teaching at the time of Hitler's youth was far less open to evolution than the above modern article. At that time most Catholic instruction was straightforwardly creationist.